The role of humanoid robots in future public transport systems

Article Google Scholar 15. Gelin, R. & Laumond, J. Humanoid robot applications: introduction. In Humanoid Robotics: a Reference. 2595–2598 (2019). 16. Chatila, R. Inclusion of humanoid robots in human society: ethical issues. In Humanoid Robotics: a Reference. 2665–2674. (2019). 17. Axelsson, A., Vaddadi, B., Bogdan, C. & Skantze, G. Robots in autonomous buses: who hosts when no human is there? In Companion of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction. 1278–1280 (IEEE, 2024). Article Google Scholar 24. Zhao, L. et al. A Bionic Arm Mechanism Design and Kinematic Analysis of the Humanoid Traffic Police. In 2019 IEEE 9th Annual International Conference on CYBER Technology in Automation, Control, and Intelligent Systems (CYBER), 1606–1611 (IEEE, 2019). 25. Ghaffar, F. Controlling Traffic with Humanoid Social Robot. Preprint at (2022). 26. Mourad, A., Puchinger, J. & Van Woensel, T. Integrating autonomous delivery service into a passenger transportation system. Int. J. Prod. Res. 59, 2116–2139 (2021).

Article Google Scholar 27. De Maio, A., Ghiani, G., Laganà, D. & Manni, E. Sustainable last-mile distribution with autonomous delivery robots and public transportation. Transp. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol. 163, 104615 (2024). Article Google Scholar 7. Kim, M. Adoption of home service robots: exploring household differences in perceived usefulness. IEEE Access 13, 64737–64749 (2025). 8. Holland, J. et al. Service robots in the healthcare sector. Robotics 10, 47 (2021).

Article Google Scholar 9. Tuomi, A., Tussyadiah, I. P. & Stienmetz, J. Applications and implications of service robots in hospitality. Cornell Hospit. Q. 62, 232–247 (2021).

Article Google Scholar 10. Lee, I. Service robots: a systematic literature review. Electronics 10, 2658 (2021).

Article Google Scholar 11. Tong, Y., Liu, H. & Zhang, Z. Advancements in humanoid robots: a comprehensive review and future prospects. IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sin. 11, 301–328 (2024).