Back to News
Nature Com
March 19, 2026

The role of humanoid robots in future public transport systems - Nature

Article Google Scholar 15. Gelin, R. & Laumond, J. Humanoid robot applications: introduction. In Humanoid Robotics: a Reference. 2595–2598 (2019). 16. Chatila, R. Inclusion of humanoid robots in human society: ethical issues. In Humanoid Robotics: a Reference.

The role of humanoid robots in future public transport systems - Nature - Image 1
humanoid
robot

Key takeaways

The most recent headlines show humanoid robots moving from laboratory prototypes to commercial deployments across several sectors. On March 18, 2026, Agibot demonstrated large‑scale reliability by staging a fully robot‑led live show, highlighting coordinated performance of dozens of units and confirming that more than 5,000 humanoids had been delivered worldwide by the end of 2025, signaling a shift toward repeatable, scalable supply. At the same time, IntBot announced that its general social‑intelligence engine now powers the Nilo concierge robot, which is operating 24 hours a day in three U.S. hotel chains and can handle multilingual guest interactions, underscoring a focus on hardware‑agnostic, socially aware services. In the consumer market, the San‑Francisco‑based startup Sunday secured a $165 million Series B round that values the company at $1.15 billion as it prepares to launch the household robot Memo for chores such as laundry and table clearing. Meanwhile, automakers continue to test humanoids in factories: BMW is trialling the Hexagon‑developed Aeon robot at its Leipzig plant, and Mercedes‑Benz is investing in Apptronik’s Apollo platform for parts‑moving and inspection tasks. Academic analysis published on March 13 notes that despite advances in vision‑language‑action models and compliant actuation, humanoids still struggle with fine‑motor manipulation of small objects, indicating that technical challenges remain even as commercial use expands.

Article Google Scholar 15. Gelin, R. & Laumond, J. Humanoid robot applications: introduction. In Humanoid Robotics: a Reference. 2595–2598 (2019). 16. Chatila, R. Inclusion of humanoid robots in human society: ethical issues. In Humanoid Robotics: a Reference. 2665–2674. (2019). 17. Axelsson, A., Vaddadi, B., Bogdan, C. & Skantze, G. Robots in autonomous buses: who hosts when no human is there? In Companion of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction. 1278–1280 (IEEE, 2024). Article Google Scholar 24. Zhao, L. et al. A Bionic Arm Mechanism Design and Kinematic Analysis of the Humanoid Traffic Police. In 2019 IEEE 9th Annual International Conference on CYBER Technology in Automation, Control, and Intelligent Systems (CYBER), 1606–1611 (IEEE, 2019). 25. Ghaffar, F. Controlling Traffic with Humanoid Social Robot. Preprint at (2022). 26. Mourad, A., Puchinger, J. & Van Woensel, T. Integrating autonomous delivery service into a passenger transportation system. Int. J. Prod. Res. 59, 2116–2139 (2021).

Article Google Scholar 27. De Maio, A., Ghiani, G., Laganà, D. & Manni, E. Sustainable last-mile distribution with autonomous delivery robots and public transportation. Transp. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol. 163, 104615 (2024). Article Google Scholar 7. Kim, M. Adoption of home service robots: exploring household differences in perceived usefulness. IEEE Access 13, 64737–64749 (2025). 8. Holland, J. et al. Service robots in the healthcare sector. Robotics 10, 47 (2021).

Article Google Scholar 9. Tuomi, A., Tussyadiah, I. P. & Stienmetz, J. Applications and implications of service robots in hospitality. Cornell Hospit. Q. 62, 232–247 (2021).

Article Google Scholar 10. Lee, I. Service robots: a systematic literature review. Electronics 10, 2658 (2021).

Article Google Scholar 11. Tong, Y., Liu, H. & Zhang, Z. Advancements in humanoid robots: a comprehensive review and future prospects. IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sin. 11, 301–328 (2024).

Mentioned in this article

Read full sourceMore robotics news